Top 10 medical innovations for 2019

When it comes to innovations, medical innovation is not exempted. At the 2018 Medical Innovation Summit that was conducted in Cleveland, OH, the Cleveland Clinic announces its annual list of the top 10 medical innovations for 2019.

On this day a panel of Cleveland Clinic physicians and scientists selected the advances, which are expected to enhance health care. At this juncture, we want to take a greater look on to 10 medical innovation for 2019 how they could change your practice of medicine.

1. Pharmacogenomic testing

This form of testing has to do with a patient’s genetic structure. It is designed to prescribe medical treatments depending on someone drug metabolism. It also can potentially decrease opioid abuse by determining how patients will respond to opioid therapy.

Apart from clinical agreement on the benefits of pharmacogenomic testing, some experts are hopeful about the technology while others are negative. There has been a slowdown in the implementation of pharmacogenomics In spite of the technological advances in the field and greater access to genetic testing. In Europe and United State Stakeholders in 2019 are now examining the clinical effectiveness of pharmacogenomics and the establishment of suitable guidelines.

2. Artificial intelligence

AI is the capacity of a digital computer or control robot execute a  job normally associated with human intelligent according to The Encyclopedia Britannica. The terms are usually used in connection with a project of developing a system that has an intellectual characteristic of human beings. For instance, the capacity to learn from past experience, generalize, discover meaning, or reason.

Even if technologies have done a lot in the world of AI by matching the human performance of a task, suchlike playing chess or mathematical calculations, they are yet to match human expertise at covering wide domains of information. But in terms of health care, they have done a lot in assisting medical diagnosis and aid physicians in identifying pathology on diagnostic scans. However, Artificial intelligent has the ability to interpret the mounds of electronic health data.

3. Treatment of acute stroke

In 2018, a new guideline was released for patients with acute stroke by the  American Heart Association (AHA) and the American Stroke Association (ASA). In the guideline was a review and recommendation for the treatment of stroke. According to the American Heart Association Stroke Council. Let us consider a brief review of the changes the made.

“These 2018 guidelines are an update to the 2013 guidelines, which were published prior to the six positive ‘early window’ mechanical thrombectomy trials (MR CLEAN, ESCAPE, EXTEND-IA, REVASCAT, SWIFT PRIME, THRACE) that emerged in 2015 and 2016. In addition, in the last 3 months, two trials (DAWN and DEFUSE 3) showed a clear benefit of ‘extended window’ mechanical thrombectomy for certain patients with large vessel occlusion who could be treated out to 16-24 hours.”

4. Immunotherapy

This is a therapy that has the capacity to treat or prevent disease by stimulating the immune response. This therapy has change radically cancer treatment by leveraging the immune system to fight tumors. In particular, immune checkpoint inhibitors have demonstrated great potential in the treatment of solid-tumor types, such as melanoma and non-small cell lung cancer. The hope is that someday immunotherapy options will exist for all types of tumors.

5. 3-D printing

3-D printing is a customized way of creating health product to a particular patient. suchlike, implants, airway stents and prosthetics. These type of modified creation enhance comfort and performance since they are designed after the body movement of the patients.

However, it reduces the risk of postoperative complications. 3-D printing also has applications in surgical planning, such as with heart surgery or even face transplant.

6. Virtual reality/mixed reality

Virtual reality/mixed reality (VR/MR) is a popular application in medical education. With its immersive approach, VR/MR is good for all kinds of learners: audio, visual, and kinesthetic.

VR is a completely computer-generated version of the world and requires the use of VR goggles. MR, or augmented reality, superimposes computer-generated images or sounds onto real-world settings and needs only be displayed on a screen.

VR/MR permits medical students to experience and learn from life-and-death scenarios in a low-stakes environment. Other applications of VR/MR include surgical simulation and diagnostic imaging

7. Stroke visor

Stroke visor is a portable device that has the capacity to detect the developing large-vessel occlusion with 92% accuracy in someone body who may have had a stroke.

In 2018, the FDA cleared the Cerebrotech Visor, which is a noninvasive spectroscopy device that measures changes in the distribution of cerebral fluids and couples these findings with machine-learning to enhance algorithms and detect certain brain pathologies, such as stroke, trauma, and swelling.

In particular, this technology helps detect hemorrhagic stroke, which—although less common than ischemic stroke—accounts for 40% of stroke deaths.

8. Robotic surgery

Robotic approaches to surgery are less invasive and faster and are often associated with improved clinical outcomes, such as decreased recovery time and reduced pain. Robotic approaches to surgery also guide surgeons in the operating room. Currently, robotic surgery is used in a gamut of procedures from spine to endovascular.

For instance, the da Vinci Surgical System, which is probably the best-known robotic surgery platform, translates the surgeon’s hand movements to smaller movements made by the robot inside the body, all visualized via laparoscopy. The da Vinci System has been used on more than 3 million patients globally.

9. Heart valve replacement

Advances in technology now allow for the performance of heart surgery percutaneously. Replacement of the aortic, mitral, or tricuspid valves via catheter obviate the need for open-heart surgery and improves surgery results.

10.RNA therapeutics

This is a new innovation with high impart medicines. It consists of many different types of technology suchlike microRNA therapeutics, nucleic acid or peptide aptamers, RNA interference (RNAi) therapeutics, and antisense therapies and is applicable to rare genetic diseases, cancer, and neurologic illness.

Source:https://www.mdlinx.com/internal-medicine/article/2972